Research
Formulation research
How multi-peptide topical systems are built, and what to measure when you study them.
Why formulation matters
A peptide that is stable as a dry powder can degrade quickly in water, at the wrong pH or next to an incompatible excipient. Formulation research looks at stability, pH, solubility, emulsion behavior and interactions between components over time.
The Modular Peptide Systems
Our modular systems split a multi-peptide topical formulation into five defined modules. Module D is an AHK-Cu copper-peptide serum-emulsion. Module E combines acetyl octapeptide-3 (SNAP-8), tetrapeptide-21 and AHK-Cu. Phase 1 pairs Modules A, C and E, Phase 2 pairs B and D, and the Complete Configuration includes all five.
Peptide modifications used in formulations
Palmitoylation adds a fatty-acid chain that changes how a peptide partitions between water and oil phases. Acetylation and amidation of the chain ends improve resistance to peptidases. Copper coordination, as in GHK-Cu and AHK-Cu, introduces a metal center whose stability depends on pH and on competing ligands in the formulation.